Improvement in telegraph-cables



'PATENTE 00T. 7g. 1862.-

` L. ANDREWS. TELEGRAPH CABLE.

`Uivirnn STATES PATENT Orricn.

LUMAN ANDREWS, OF DE KALB, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND PIIINEASSTEVENS, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN TELEGRAPl-l-CABLES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 36,630, dated October7, 1862.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LUMAN ANDREWS, ot' DeKalb, in the county of De Kalb and State of Illinois, have invented anewand useful Improvement in Submarine Telegraphic Gables; and -I dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, refeuee being had tothe accompanying drawings andthe letters and figures marked thereon, forming a part of thisspeciiication.

In the said drawings, Figure I represents a side view ot' my invention;Fig. 2, a longitudinal section through the center; Fig. 3, a transversesection at the line :r Fig. 4, a similar section at the line x; and Fig.5 represents the cable when complete.

Similar letters in the different figures denote 'corresponding parts ofmy invention. l

The object of my invention is to obtain a device to be used in theconstruction of submarine telegraphic cables, for preventing thebreaking of the saine, by allowingthe cable, when any pressure may beapplied to it, as bythe anchor of an anchored vessel, to stretch oryield. and so prevent .the breaking of the cable.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willnoiv proceed to describe the same with particnlarity.

A. in the drawings represents a cylinder made of the best quality ofiron or other suitable metal, and should be about a foot long, thoughthe precise length is entirely immaterial. This cylinder is to be linedor coated on the interior surface with some non-conducting medium theinternal diameter of the cylinderlbeing" suijcient to allow the cable,which passesinto or through it, to have free movement Within thecylinder. y

B B are valves iitting closely into the cylinder, so as to bewater-tight. Through these valves passes the main cable or electricconductor, the cable being insulated from the' saine, and the lvalvesbeing tired immovably upon the cable, the cable being represented by a.

Within the 'cylinder there is asliding joint in the cable, as shown inFig, 2. This joint is constructed. as follows: The cable after passingthrough the valves in each end of the cylinder divide into as manyseparate branches as there are small Wires enteri-ng into the cable ortwisted together to forni it, the branches from the let't hand passingto n, and those from the right hand passing to m.. The branches from theleft hand are coiled around the branches from the right hand at u, andthe righ t-hand branches are coiled about the others at m. Bythisarra-ngement, when any strain cornes upon the central cable, itstretches the distance between the points m and n, the valve B' slidingin the cylinder A and the wires within sliding upon each other until thepoint m is brought to n, the electrica-l communica-V tion being keptperfect all the time.

b b are Wires used to strengthen the cable, and are attached to themovable rings C C. These rings C C', when any strain is applied to thecable, slide upon the cylinder in amanner to correspond with the slidingof the valve B B within 1t; and by these two devices, the sliding ofthese rings and the sliding joint in the inner cable-the whole cable-anextension is given. to the length of the cable about equal to one-halt'the length of the cylinder.

C are rods passing parallel to the cylinder through the heads thereof,and through the sliding rings C C, and are fastened to the supports d.The arrangement of c and d is simply for the purpose of strengtheningthe device, and preventing the rings G C from turning on the cylinder.

About the cylinder and under the wires l) c is a coating of rubber,(marked e in Fig. 4.) Around and upon this and outside the Wires b c isanother coat of rubber, j', making the whole diameter equal to thediameter of the heads ofthe cylinder, when around the whole -is therubber coating g, when the entire device is covered, and appears asshown in Fig. 5.

' This .device or invention may be inserted in .i the cable at suchdistancesfrom each other as may be desirable, from one-fourth oa mile toone mile, as may be deemed best.

Another advantage of my invention is,'that if the cable should byanymea-ns break, the Water could not penetrate and destroy the cablefora greater distance than between these cylinders, they being madewater-tight.

The cable c is to be insulated in any suitable manner throughout itsentire length, the 2. The arrangement of the cylinder A, the insulatedinterior of the cylinder insulating movable rings C C', and wires b b,in combithat part ofthe cable inside the cylinder. nation with theslidin g joint m n, operating Iclaim as my inventionasdescribed.

1. In combination with the cylinder A and v LUMAN ANDREWS. Y the valvesB B', the sliding joint m n in the Witnesses: i vcable a, constructedand operating substan- W. E. MARRS,

tially as set forth. l LEWIS L. CoBURN.

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